8.Mechanical Properties of Solids
medium

निम्नांकित चार तार एक ही पदार्थ से बने हैं। यदि सभी पर समान तनाव लगाया जाय तो, किसमे सबसे अधिक प्रसार होगा ?

A

तार की लम्बाई $ =50\, cm$, तार का व्यास $=0.5\, mm$

B

तार की लम्बाई $=100 \,cm$, तार की लम्बाई $=1\, mm$

C

तार की लम्बाई $= 200\, cm$, तार का व्यास $= 2\, mm$

D

तार की लम्बाई $= 300\, cm$, तार का व्यास $= 3\, mm$

(AIPMT-2013)

Solution

Young's modulus,

$Y = \frac{{FL}}{{A\Delta L}} = \frac{{4FL}}{{\pi {D^2}\Delta L}}\,\,or\,\,\Delta L = \frac{{4FL}}{{\pi {D^2}Y}}$

Where $F$ is the force applied, $L$ is the length, $D$ is the diameter and $\Delta L$ is the extension of the wire respectively. 

As each wire is made up of same material therefore their $Young's$ modulus is same for each wire.

Foe all the four wires, $Y,F\,(=tension)$ are the same.

$\therefore \Delta L \propto \frac{L}{{{D^2}}}$

$In\,\,\left( a \right)\,\,\frac{L}{{{D^2}}} = \frac{{200\,cm}}{{{{\left( {0.2\,cm} \right)}^2}}} = 5 \times {10^3}\,c{m^{ – 1}}$

$In\,\,\left( b \right)\,\,\,\frac{L}{{{D^2}}} = \frac{{300\,cm}}{{{{\left( {0.3\,cm} \right)}^2}}} = 3.3 \times {10^3}\,c{m^{ – 1}}$

$In\,\,\left( c \right)\,\,\frac{L}{{{D^2}}} = \frac{{50\,cm}}{{{{\left( {0.05\,cm} \right)}^2}}} = 20 \times {10^3}\,c{m^{ – 1}}$

$In\,\,\left( d \right)\,\,\frac{L}{{{D^2}}} = \frac{{100\,cm}}{{{{\left( {0.1\,cm} \right)}^2}}} = 10 \times {10^3}\,\,c{m^{ – 1}}$

Standard 11
Physics

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